References
7.1 Article
a. Journal Article (one author)
Author. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title. Volume (issue), range of pages. DOI.
Example:
Veevers, J. J. (2004). Gondwanaland from 650-500 Ma assembly through 320 Ma merger in Pangea to 185-100 Ma breakup: supercontinental tectonics via stratigraphy and radiometric dating. Earth-Science Reviews, 68(1-2), 1-132. DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.05.002.
b. Journal Article (two or more authors)
Author1, Author2, & Author3. (Year of publication). Article title. Journal Title. Volume (issue), range of pages. DOI.
Example:
Pyle, J. M., Spear, F. S., Rudnick, R. L., & McDonough, W. F. (2001). Monazite-Xenotime-Garnet Equilibrium in Metapelites and a New Monazite-Garnet Thermometer. Journal of Petrology, 42(11), 2083-2107. DOI: 10.1093/petrology/42.11.2083.
c. Journal article from an online database
Author(s). (Year of publication). Article title [Electronic version]. Journal Title. Volume (issue), range of pages. Retrieved date of access, from name of database. DOI.
Example:
Yang, Z.-P., & Zhang, C.-J (2009). Mechanism and kinetics of Pb(II) adsorption on ultrathin nanocrystalline titania coatings [Abstract]. J. Hazardous Materials. [In Press, Corrected Proof]. Retrieved August 27, 2009, from PubMed database: http://www.pubmed.gov. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.114.
d. Newspaper article (no author)
Article title. (Publication date). Journal Title, page.
Example:
Property: Quartz is a gem of value. (2005, January 28). The Birmingham Post, p. 11.
e. Encyclopedia article
Author. (Year of publication). Article title. In Encyclopedia title (volume number, pages). Place of publication: Encyclopedia name.
Example:
Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The New Encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
7.2 Book
a. Book (one author)
Author. (Year of publication). Book title (edition). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Pettijohn, F.J. (1957). Sedimentary Rocks (2 ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers.
b. Book (two or more authors)
Author1, Author2, & Author3. (Year of publication). Book title. Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Ogg, J. G., Ogg, G., & Gradstein, F. M. (2008). The Concise Geologic Time Scale. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
c. Book chapter or article in an edited book
Author(s) of chapter. (Year of publication). Chapter title. In Editors of the book (Eds.), Book title (Chapter page range). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Grauch, R.I. (1989). Rare earth elements in metamorphic rocks. In B.R. Lipin & G.A. McKay (Eds.), Geochemistry and mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements (pp. 147-167). Washington, D.C.: The Mineralogical Society of America.
d. Proceedings from a conference
Author(s). (Year of publication). Title. In Conference name, Date (Page range). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Bevilacqua, P., De Lorenzi, L., & Antonini, P. (2003). Economic production of feldspar for the ceramic industry. Proceedings - International Mineral Processing Congress, 28 October - 3 September 2003 (pp. 510-516). Cape Town, South Africa. The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (Marshalltown).
e. ebook
Author(s). (Year of publication). Title. Publisher. Retrieving date, http address. DOI.
Example:
Johnson, A. (2000). Abstract Computing Machines. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from SpringerLink http://springerlink.com/content/w25154. DOI: 10.1007/b138965.
f. Thesis
Author(s). (Year of publication). Title. Information, Place of publication.
Example:
Pyle, J. M. (2001). Distribution of select trace elements in pelitic metamorphic rocks; pressure, temperature, mineral assemblage, and reaction-history controls. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States.
g. Report
Author(s). (Year of publication). Title. Place of publication: Publisher. (Report number)
Example:
Fernando, M.R.D. (2004). Gold prospectivity in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Geological Survey and Mines Bureau. (NTIS No. PB 91-154 377/AS)
h. Government publication
Institution name. (Year of publication). Title. Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Ministerial Council on Oil Strategy. (1970). The national oil strategy: Mapping the future. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
7.3 Other formats
7.3.1 Web page
Author/Sponsor. (last update or copyright date). Title. Retrieved date of access, from URL.
Example:
Polish Geological Institute. (2003, June). Geological Map of Poland. Retrieved August 27, 2009, from http://www.pgi.gov.pl/images/artykuly/mapageol/mapa.jpg
7.3.2 Lecture note
Author(s). (Date of presentation). Lecture title. Lecture notes distributed in the unit, at the name of the teaching organisation, the location.
Example:
Nelson, S.A. (2005, January 21). Petrology. Lecture notes distributed in the unit Geology 212, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA.
7.3.3 Patent
Author. (Year). Patent number. The location: Issue body.
Example:
Minoru, K. (2009). International Patent No. WO2009099084. The Hague, The Netherlands: European Patent Body.
7.3.4 Standard
Issue body. (Year). Standard name. Standard number. The location.
Example:
Standards Association of Australia. (1997). Australian standard: Pressure equipment manufacture. AS4458-1997. North Sydney.
7.3.5 Video
Producer, P. P. (Producer), & Director, D.D. (Director). (Date of publication). Title of motion picture [Motion picture]. Country of origin: Studio or distributor.
Example:
Hubley, J., & Hubley, F. (Producers/Directors). (1972). Dig; A journey into the Earth [Motion Picture].USA: Hubley Studio.
7.3.6 Audio recording
Songwriter, W. W. (Date of copyright). Title of song [Recorded by artist if different from song writer]. On Title of album [Medium of recording]. Location: Label. (Recording date if different from copyright date).
Example:
Bono, & The Edge (1995). GoldenEye [Recorded by Tina Turner]. On GoldenEye (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) [CD]. London: EMI.
7.3.7 Mailing list
Author. (Exact date of posting). Subject line of message. Message posted to followed by name of mailing list, archived at followed by address for the archived version of the message
Example:
Rangbar, F. (2009, July 15). Andalusite. Message posted to GEO-METAMORPHISM List
electronic mailing list, archived at https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/webadmin?A2=ind0907&L=GEO-METAMORPHISM&T=0&F=&S=&P=10345
7.3.8 Computer software
Author(s). (Year). Title [computer software]. The location: Company.
Example:
Ludwig, K.R. (2003). Isoplot 3.0 [computer software]. Berkley,